Condition of a cellular link of innate immunity in infertile men against the background of toxocariasis invasion
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1237.2018.1.129328Keywords:
innate immunity, toxocariasis, male infertilityAbstract
Aim. Investigating the role of various factors in the development of pathospermia, such as: the presence of toxocariasis invasion, the level of DNA fragmentation of sperm, indices of the cellular link of innate immunity, could complement existing methods and will allow the determination of the share of influence of each factor on the ultrastructure of spermatozoa for a more in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis of violations of male reproductive function. That is why the aim of our research was to study the peculiarities of disorders of the cellular link of innate immunity in men with infertility against the background of toxocariasis invasion.
Materials and methods. 89 men aged from 20 to 45 years, which were divided into 5 groups, were examined. The first (control) group consisted of 12 fertile men; the second group (comparison group) – 27 infertile patients with normal level of DNA fragmentation of sperm and without antibodies to toxocariasis; the third group – 20 infertile men with normal level of DNA fragmentation of sperm and presence of antibodies to toxocariasis. The fourth and fifth groups included 15 infertile men with high levels of DNA fragmentation of sperm and the presence and absence of antibodies to toxocariasis respectively. A comprehensive research was conducted for all the men that included determination of sperm DNA fragmentation, presence of toxocariasis invasion and the study of the state of the cellular link of innate immunity as well as assessment of the degree of immune system disorders.
Results. The incompleteness of phagocytosis in neutrophilic and monocytic elements was observed in all studied groups, in the second and fifth groups with the preservation of the functional-metabolic reserve and the depletion of it in the third and fourth groups. The results of the assessment of the degree of immune system disorders have shown that most immunologically compromised are the groups without the presence of toxocariasis invasion, in which there was an immune failure of 2–3 degree. In groups with the presence of toxocariasis, on the contrary, changes from activation to immune failure of 2 degree (due to the growth of absorbing capacity of monocytes) were determined, which may be due to the presence of toxocariasis invasion, which, in turn, obviously causes the activation of the monocytic link.
Conclusions. The state of the cellular link of innate immunity in infertile men is characterized by incompleteness of phagocytosis of both neutrophilic and monocytic elements. The presence of toxocariasis invasion in this contingent of patients, in turn, introduces certain changes to the phagocytic system, which manifests itself as an increase in absorbing capacity of monocytes, which are key immune factors in the protection against helminths.
References
Nordkap, L., Carlsen, E., & Fedder, J. (2012). Male infertility. Ugeskr Laeger, 41(174), 2444–2448.
Centola, G. M. (2014). Semen assessment. Urol Clin North Am, 1(41), 163–167.
Castillo, J., Estanyol, J. M., Balleska, J. L., & Oliva, R. (2015). Human sperm chromatin epigenetic potential: genomics, proteomics, and male infertility. Asian J Androl, 17(4), 601–609. doi: 10.4103/1008-682X.153302.
Jugwirth, A., Diemer, T., Dohle, G. R., Giwercman, A., Kopa, Z., Krausz, C., & Tournaye, H. (2015). Guidelines on Male Infertility. European Assotiation of Urology.
Povoroznyuk, M. V. (2015). Faktory, shcho vplyvaiut na stan fertylnosti u cholovikiv z nepliddiam u shliubi [Factors affecting the state of fertility in men with infertility in marriage]. Medicinskie aspekty zdorov'ya muzhchiny, 2(17), 63–68. [in Ukrainian].
Farhi, J., & Ben-Haroush, A. (2011). Distribution of causes of infertility in papatients attending primary fertility clinics in Israel. Isr Med Assoc J., 13(1), 51–54.
Maspherson, C. N. (2013). The epidemiology and public healt importance of toxocariasis: a soonosis of global importance. Int J Parasitol, 43(12–13), 999–1008. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2013.07.004.
Usachova, O. V., Dralova, O. A., Konakova, O. V., & Bondareva, V. V. (2013). Vistseralnyi toksokaroz: osoblyvosti klinichnoho perebihu (klinichnyi vypadok) [Visceral toxocariasis: clinical features (case report)]. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats spivrobitnykiv NMAPO imeni P.L. Shupyka, 3, 304–307. [in Ukrainian].
Bekish, V. Ya. (1999). Metabolity gel'mintov kak veroyatnye mutageny polovykh kletok vladel'ca [Metabolites of helminths as probable mutagenes of the germ cells of the owner]. Voprosy e'ksperimental'noj biologii i mediciny. (P. 70–73). Vitebsk. [in Russian].
Bekish, V. Ya., & Bekish, O.-Ya. L. (2004). Sostoyanie genoma vladel'ca pri gel'mintozakh [State of the owner's genome in helminthiases]. Vitebsk: Izd-vo VGMU. [in Russian].
Tarasova, M. N., Chistyakova, G. N., Remizova, I. I., Gazieva, I. A. (2007). Ocenka vliyaniya immunologicheskikh faktorov na strukturnuyu organizaciyu khromatina spermatozoidov [Assessment of the influence of immunological factors on the structural organization of sperm chromatin]. Immunologiya Urala Proceedings of the VI Conference of immunologists of the Urals, 1(6), 165–167. [in Russian].
Bozhedomov, V. A., Nikolayeva, M. A., Ushakova, I. V., Sporish, E. A., Rokhlikov, I. M., Lipatova, N. A., et al. (2013). Etiologiya autoimmunnogo muzhskogo besplodiya [Еtiology of autoimmune male infertility] Akusherstvo i ginekologiya, 2, 68–76. [in Russian].
Novikov, P. D., Nikulin, Yu. T., Hotetovskaya, J. V., & Novikov, D. K. (2007). Immunodiagnostika toksokaroza [Immunodiagnosis of toxocariasis]. Immunologiya, infektologiya, allergologiya, 2, 65–72. [in Russian].
Adamenko, G. P., & Nikulin, Yu. T. (2004). Toksokaroz – neotlozhnaya problema obschestvennogo zdravookhraneniya [Toksokaroz – an urgent public health problem]. Medicinskie novosti, 2, 31–36. [in Russian].
Stybel, V., Prijma, O., & Ponomar, S. (2014). Doslidzhennia kilkosti T- i B-limfotsytiv za diyi Toxocara canis [Studies quantities of T- and B-lymphocytes under the influence for action invasion Toxocara canis]. Naukovyi visnyk LNUVMBT im. S.Z. Hzhytskoho, 16, 3(60), 330–334. [in Ukrainian].
Natcheva, L. V., & Lityagina, A. V. (2012). Kletochnye reakcii pri gel'mintozakh [Cellular reactions at helminthosis]. Rossijskij parazitologicheskij zhurnal, 3, 80–86. [in Russian].
Savelyeva, N. N. (2016). Fagocitarnaya aktivnost' nejtrofilov krovi u paciyentov s khronicheskim generalizovannym parodontitom І–ІІ stepeni tyazhesti na fone parazitov [The phagocytic activity of blood neutrophils in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis of the 1st–2nd degree severity on the background of parasitoses]. Vestnik Vitebskogo gosudarstvennogo medicinskogo universiteta, 15(4), 80–87. [in Russian].
Vismont, F. I. (2006) Vospalenie (patofiziologicheskie aspekty) [Inflammation (pathophysiological aspects)]. Minsk: BGMU.
Frimel', N. (1984) Immunologicheskie metody [Immunological methods]. Moscow: Medicina. [in Russian].
Viksman, M. E., & Mayanskij, A. N. (1979). Sposob ocenki funkcional'noj aktivnosti nejtrofilov cheloveka po reakcii vosstanovleniya nitrosinego tetrazoliya [Way of estimating the functional activity of human neutrophils by the reduction reaction of nitroblue tetrazolium]. Kazan': Kazanskij NIIE'M. [in Russian].
Narcissov, R. P. (1964) Citokhimicheskie issledovaniya lejkocitov [Cytochemical researches of leukocytes]. Laboratornoe delo, 3, 150–151. [in Russian].
Shubich, M. G. (1974) Vyyavlenie kationnogo belka v citoplazme lejkociotov s pomoshh'yu bromfenolovogo sinego [Identification of cationic protein in cytoplasm of leukocytes with bromophenol blue]. Citologiya, 10, 1321–1322. [in Russian].
Zemskov, A. M., Zemskov, V. M., Chereshnev, V. A. (2011). Rukovodstvo po klinicheskoj immunologii dlya klinicheskikh vrachej [Guide to Clinical Immunology for Clinical Physicians]. Moscow:Triada-Kh.[in Russian].
Makepeace, B. L., Martin, C., Turner, J. D., & Specht, S. (2012). Granulocytes in Helminth Infection – Who is Calling the Shots? Curr Med Chem, 19(10), 1567–1586. doi: 10.2174/092986712799828337.
Kreider, T., Anthony, R. M., Urban, J. F., & Gause, W. C. (2007) Alternatively activated macrophages in helminth infectionsn. Curr Opin Immunol., 19(4), 448–453. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2007.07.002.
Grishina, E. A., & Dovgalev, A. S. (2016). Nekotorye mekhanizmy vtorichnoj immunosupressii v processe khronizacii geogel'mintozov [Certain mechanisms of secondary immunosuppression under chronisation of geohelminthiasis]. Rossijskij parazitologicheskij zhurnal, 36(2), 202–209. [in Russian].
Coakley, G., McCaskill, J. L., Borger, J. G., Simbari, F., Robertson, E., Millar, M., et al. (2017). Extracellular Vesicles from a Helminth Parasite Suppress Macrophage Activation and Constitute an Effective Vaccine for Protective Immunity. Cell Reports., 19(8), 1545–1557. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.05.001.
Downloads
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (SeeThe Effect of Open Access).
