Age clinical and laboratory features of primary Epstein-Barr viral infection in children
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1237.2020.2.212791Keywords:
children, EBV, infectious mononucleosis, hepatitisAbstract
Aim: to delineate the clinical presentation and laboratory profile of primary Epstein-Barr viral infection (EBVI) in children.
Materials and methods. A retrospective study was conducted on the demographic, clinical and laboratory data of 104 children with infectious mononucleosis due to Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection in children. The analysis included serologically confirmed cases – the presence of IgM to the capsid EBV antigen (VCA IgM) with the absence of antibodies to the nuclear EBV antigen (EBNA IgG).
Results. The mean age of children was 4.0 (2.6; 9.0) years. The maximum hospital morbidity for infectious mononucleosis was observed in children from 2 to 5 years – 35.6 % whereas in patients from 12 years to 17 years – 19.2 %. The mean peak temperature was higher in young children. The rate of the cervical lymphadenopathy was significantly higher in adolescents compared with infants (P < 0.001). Tonsillitis syndrome was more commonly seen in children aged from 2 to 11 years (P < 0.05). Rash was detected in 22.1 % (n = 23) of children. The presence of petechiae was more common in older children. Hepatosplenomegaly syndrome was reported in 50 % of older children and only in 8.7 % of infants. Cytolytic syndrome was reported in 54.2 % of patients from 6 to 11 years and in 100 % of the adolescents from 12 to 17 years, although in infants it was only in 34.8 % (P < 0.001). Atypical mononuclear cells were detected in 8.7% of early age children and in 24.3–37.5 % of older children.
Conclusions. Age differences were noted in clinical findings for cervical lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly, which were less common in children of the first 2 years. A significant difference in the incidence of hepatitis was found: with increasing age of the patient, the mean level of ALT increased significantly and gradually.
References
Berezenko, V. S., Zadorozhna, T. D., Mykhailiuk, K. Z., Tarasiuk, B. A., Korobko, V. F., & Kelykhevych, S. M. (2018). Morfolohichni ta ultrazvukovi osoblyvosti fibrozu pechinky v ditei z avtoimunnym hepatytom [Morphological and ultrasound features of liver fibrosis in children with autoimmune hepatitis]. Pathologia, 15(3), 330-336. in Ukrainian. https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1237.2018.3.151815
Bondarenko A. L., Savinykh M. V., Savinykh N. A., Kaluzhskikh T. I., Khlebnikova N. V., Malkova L. V., & Ryabova N. V. (2018). Vozrastnye osobennosti infektsionnogo mononukleoza Epshtein-Barr virusnoi etiologii [Age differences of the Eрshtein - Barr virus infectious mononucleosis]. Zhurnal infektologii, 10(1), 36-41. in Russian. https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2018-10-1-36-41
Kramariev, S. O., Vyhovska, O. V., Kaminska, T. M., Holovach, O. V., Bolshakova, L. A., Chemorkina, N. V., Savina, O. V., Ivanovych, A. A., & Lutska O. Ye. (2010). Infektsiinyi mononukleoz Epshteina-Barr virusnoi etiolohii u ditei: klinichni proiavy, likuvannia iz zastosuvanniam liposomalnykh preparativ interferonu Infectious mononucleosis Epstein-Barr viral etiology in children: clinical manifestations, treatment with liposomal interferon drugs. Novosti meditsiny i farmatsii. Infektsionnye bolezni, (330), 1-5. in Ukrainian.
Lezhenko, G. O., Usachova, O. V., Silina, Ye. A., & Pakholchuk, T. M. (2013). Infektsiinyi mononukleoz u ditei: kliniko-imunolohichna kharakterystyka Infectious mononucleosis in children: clinical and immunological characteristics. Aktualna infektolohiia, (1), 8-11. in Ukrainian.
Nezhoda, I. I., & Bobruk, S. V. (2016). Kliniko-laboratorna kharakterystyka proiaviv infektsiinoho mononukleozu u ditei Clinical-laboratory description of infectious mononuclejsis displays in children. Infektsiini khvoroby, (2), 35-39. in Ukrainian. https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2727.2016.2.6519
Balasubramanian, S., Ganesh, R., & Kumar, J. R. (2012). Profile of EBV associated infectious mononucleosis. Indian pediatrics, 49(10), 837-838. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-012-0190-6
Chan, C. W., Chiang, A. K., Chan, K. H., & Lau, A. S. (2003). Epstein-Barr virus-associated infectious mononucleosis in Chinese children. The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 22(11), 974-978. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.inf.0000095199.56025.96
Nandi, M., Hazra, A., Das, M. K., Bhattacharya, S., & Sarkar, U. K. (2017). Infectious mononucleosis due to epstein-barr virus infection in children: A profile from eastern India. Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, 10(5), 438-444. https://doi.org/10.4103/MJDRDYPU.MJDRDYPU_9_17
Son, K. H., & Shin, M. Y. (2011). Clinical features of Epstein-Barr virus-associated infectious mononucleosis in hospitalized Korean children. Korean journal of pediatrics, 54(10), 409–413. https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2011.54.10.409
Downloads
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (SeeThe Effect of Open Access).