Cytokines, insulin resistance and arterial wall stiffness in assessing the course of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1237.2022.1.245985

Keywords:

fatty liver, arterial stiffness

Abstract

The progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with an increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease.

Aim: to assess the level of cytokines, insulin resistance, arterial wall stiffness during the progression of hepatic steatosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Material and methods. 87 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease were examined. Group I consisted of 14 patients without steatosis, group II – 32 patients with steatosis grade 1; III – 30 patients with steatosis grade 2, IV group – 11 patients with steatosis grade 3. The control group consisted of 30 apparently healthy individuals. Steatometry with a quantitative assessment of the grade of hepatic steatosis was performed using a Soneus P7 ultrasound machine. The content of cytokines (interleukin-6, interleukin-10, TNF-α) was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a Stat Fax 303 Plus analyzer. The level of insulin resistance was determined using the HOMA-IR index.

Results. The content of interleukin-6 in the blood serum of patients of group IV was significantly increased relative to the level in the control group (by 1.8 times, P < 0.05), patients of group I (by 3.2 times, P < 0.05), II group (by 3.0 times, P < 0.05) and group III (2.3 times, P < 0.05). The level of TNF-α increased with the progression of structural changes in the liver and at grade 4 of steatosis its content was increased by 6.4 times (P < 0.05) relative to the level in the control group, by 8.0 times (P < 0.05) relative to group I patients, by 3.4 times (P < 0.05) – group II patients and by 1.8 times (P < 0.05) – group III patients. An increase in the HOMA-IR index by 3.2 times (P < 0.05) was found in patients with moderate steatosis and 3.9 times (P < 0.05) in patients with severe steatosis compared to controls. A correlation was established between the intima-media thickness of the left common carotid artery and the level of TNF-α (r = 0.438; P = 0.006) and the HOMA-IR index (r = 0.557; P = 0.0008).

Conclusions. In patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with progression of the grade of hepatic steatosis, a significant increase in proinflammatory cytokines, insulin resistance and intima-media thickness of the left common carotid artery was found.

Author Biographies

Yu. M. Stepanov, State Institution “Institute of Gastroenterology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Dnipro

MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Director of State Institution “Institute of Gastroenterology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”

V. I. Didenko, State University “Institute of Gastroenterology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Dnipro

MD, PhD, Senior Researcher, Deputy Director for Research

O. M. Tatarchuk, State Institution “Institute of Gastroenterology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Dnipro

PhD, Senior Researcher of the Research Sector

I. S. Konenko, State Institution “Institute of Gastroenterology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Dnipro

MD, PhD, Head of the Department of Mini-invasive Endoscopic Interventions and Instrumental Diagnostics

O. P. Petishko, State Institution “Institute of Gastroenterology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Dnipro

Researcher of the Department of Scientific-Organizational, Methodical Work and Information Technologies

References

Fadieienko, G. D., Kolesnikova, O. V., & Solomenseva, T. A. (2018). Novi mozhlyvosti likuvannia nealkoholnoho steatohepatytu [The new opportunities of treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis]. Suchasna hastroenterolohiia, (1), 53-60. [in Ukrainian].

Sanyal, A. J. (2019). Past, present and future perspectives in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 16(6), 377-386. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-019-0144-8

Younossi, Z. M. (2018). The epidemiology of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Clinical Liver Disease, 11(4), 92-94. https://doi.org/10.1002/cld.710

Parkash, O., & Saeed, S. (2018). Molecular Basis for Pathogenesis of Steatohepatitis: Contemporary Understanding and New Insights. In R. Valenzuela (Ed.). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease – molecular bases, prevention and treatment (pp. 54-54). https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.71405

Fang, Y. L., Chen, H., Wang, C. L., & Liang, L. (2018). Pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children and adolescence: From "two hit theory" to "multiple hit model". World journal of gastroenterology, 24(27), 2974-2983. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v24.i27.2974

Tilg, H., Moschen, A. R., & Roden, M. (2017). NAFLD and diabetes mellitus. Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 14(1), 32-42. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrgastro.2016.147

Kasper, P., Martin, A., Lang, S., Kütting, F., Goeser, T., Demir, M., & Steffen, H. M. (2021). NAFLD and cardiovascular diseases: a clinical review. Clinical research in cardiology, 110(7), 921-937. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00392-020-01709-7

Engin, A. (2017). Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. In: A. Engin, A. Engin (Eds.), Obesity and Lipotoxicity. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology (Vol. 960, pp. 443-467). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48382-5_19

Oh, H., Jun, D. W., Saeed, W. K., & Nguyen, M. H. (2016). Non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases: Update on the challenge of diagnosis and treatment. Clinical and Molecular Hepatology, 22(3), 327-335. https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2016.0049

Townsend, S. A., & Newsome, P. N. (2017). Mistakes in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and how to avoid them. UEG Education, 17, 39-41. https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/ueg-elearning/ueg-mistakes-series/Mistakes.in.series-102017.NAFLD.pdf

Wieckowska, A., Papouchado, B. G., Li, Z., Lopez, R., Zein, N. N., & Feldstein, A. E. (2008). Increased hepatic and circulating interleukin-6 levels in human nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. The American journal of gastroenterology, 103(6), 1372-1379. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01774.x

Stepanov, Yu. M., Didenko, V. I., Konenko, I. S., & Tatarchuk, O. M. (2019). Vzaiemozviazky mizh ultrazvukovymy, imunolohichnymy zminamy pry prohresuvanni steatozu ta fibrozu pechinky u khvorykh na khronichni dyfuzni zakhvoriuvannia pechinky riznoi etiolohii [Relationships between ultrasonic, immunological changes in the progression of liver steatosis and fibrosis in patients with chronic diffusive liver diseases of various etiologies]. Pathologia, 16(2), 222-230. [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1237.2019.2.177167

Raza, S., Rajak, S., Anjum, B., & Sinha, R. A. (2019). Molecular links between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatoma research, 5, 42. https://doi.org/10.20517/2394-5079.2019.014

Stepanov, Y. M., Didenko, V. I., Konenko, I. S., Tatarchuk, O. M., & Petishko, O. P. (2019). Аspects of immunological status and carbon metabolism in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in correlation with its fibrous transformation. Visnyk problem biolohii i medytsyny, 3(152), 196-200. https://doi.org/10.29254/2077-4214-2019-3-152-196-200

Gubergrits, N. B., & Byelyayeva, N. V. (2019). Sovremennye podkhody k lecheniyu sochetaniya nealkogol'noi zhirovoi bolezni pecheni i serdechno-sosudistykh zabolevanii [Modern approaches to the treatment of combed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular disease]. Suchasna hastroenterolohiia, (3), 41-48. [in Russian]. https://doi.org/10.30978/MG-2019-3-41

Fadeenko, G. D., Kushnir, I. E., Mozhina, T. L., Chernova, V. M., & Solomentseva, T. A. (2019). Rol syvorotochnykh biomarkerov v diagnostike nealkogolnoi zhirovoi bolezni pecheni [The role of serum biomarkers in the diagnosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease]. Suchasna hastroenterolohiia, (3), 58-65. [in Russian]. https://doi.org/10.30978/MG-2019-3-58

Lee, Y. J., Shim, J. Y., Moon, B. S., Shin, Y. H., Jung, D. H., Lee, J. H., & Lee, H. R. (2012). The relationship between arterial stiffness and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Digestive diseases and sciences, 57(1), 196-203. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-011-1819-3

Sookoian, S., & Pirola, C. J. (2008). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is strongly associated with carotid atherosclerosis: a systematic review. Journal of hepatology, 49(4), 600-607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2008.06.012

Downloads

Published

2022-04-15

How to Cite

1.
Stepanov YM, Didenko VI, Tatarchuk OM, Konenko IS, Petishko OP. Cytokines, insulin resistance and arterial wall stiffness in assessing the course of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Pathologia [Internet]. 2022Apr.15 [cited 2024Apr.19];19(1):5-11. Available from: http://pat.zsmu.edu.ua/article/view/245985

Issue

Vol. 19 No. 1 (2022)

Section

Original research

License

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

    1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Лицензия Creative Commons
    1. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

  1. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (SeeThe Effect of Open Access).