The influence of the metabolic activity of the intestinal microflora on the severity and duration of rotavirus diarrhea in early-aged children

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1237.2023.1.272745

Keywords:

viral infection, infectious diarrhea, children, early age, intestinal microflora, short-chain fatty acids, risk factors, prognosis

Abstract

The aim is to determine the pathogenetic role of the metabolic activity of the intestinal microflora in the formation of the severity and duration of rotavirus diarrhea in early-aged children.

Materials and methods. 60 children aged 1–24 months with RVI were included in the research group. The metabolic activity of the intestinal microflora was determined by detecting short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces in the dynamics of the disease (the absolute concentration (μmol/l) of acetate, propionate, butyrate, the total concentration of SCFAs and the value of the anaerobic index (AI) on the 3rd, 5th and 10th days of RVI) using high-performance liquid chromatography with LC-MS chromatography Agilent 1260 Infinity HPLC System, USA.

Results. From the 5th day of RVI, with a minimally expressed diarrheal syndrome, a higher total pool of SCFA and higher AI values were observed than with moderate-severe and severe diarrhea (p ˂ 0.05 on the 5th and 10th days of RVI). A longer duration of the diarrheal syndrome in children was associated with a decrease in the metabolic activity of sucrolytic intestinal bacteria: patients with diarrhea ≤5 days had 2.4 times higher indicators of the total pool of SCFA, than patients with the duration of diarrhea ≥6 days (p ˂ 0.05). The degree of reduction in the concentration of C3 and the value of AI on the 2–3rd days of RVI was directly correlated with the duration of diarrhea, which increased by 1 day with a decrease in C3 by 20.6 μmol/l or a decrease in AI by 0.05.

Conclusions. The influence of the intestinal microflora metabolic deficiency on the severity of diarrhea in early-aged children manifests itself from the 5th day of illness. A decrease in the concentration of propionate and the value of AI on the 2–3rd days of the disease is the earliest indicator of prolonged diarrhea in children with RVI.

Author Biographies

N. V. Vorobiova, Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Ukraine

PhD student of the Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

O. V. Usachova, Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Ukraine

MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Head of the Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Ye. A. Silina, Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Ukraine

PhD, Assistant of the Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

O. O. Furyk, Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Ukraine

MD, PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Infectious Diseases

References

Abdoli, A., & Maspi, N. (2018). Commentary: Estimates of Global, Regional, and National Morbidity, Mortality, and Aetiologies of Diarrhoeal Diseases: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Frontiers in medicine, 5, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2018.00011

Fernandez-Cassi, X., Martínez-Puchol, S., Silva-Sales, M., Cornejo, T., Bartolome, R., Bofill-Mas, S., & Girones, R. (2020). Unveiling Viruses Associated with Gastroenteritis Using a Metagenomics Approach. Viruses, 12(12), 1432. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12121432

GBD 2016 Diarrhoeal Disease Collaborators (2018). Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of diarrhoea in 195 countries: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. The Lancet. Infectious diseases, 18(11), 1211-1228. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30362-1

Badur, S., Öztürk, S., Pereira, P., AbdelGhany, M., Khalaf, M., Lagoubi, Y., Ozudogru, O., Hanif, K., & Saha, D. (2019). Systematic review of the rotavirus infection burden in the WHO-EMRO region. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 15(11), 2754-2768. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2019.1603984

Fischer, T. K., Rasmussen, L. D., & Fonager, J. (2019). Taking gastro-surveillance into the 21st century. Journal of clinical virology, 117, 43-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2019.05.013

Sohail, M. U., Al Khatib, H. A., Al Thani, A. A., Al Ansari, K., Yassine, H. M., & Al-Asmakh, M. (2021). Microbiome profiling of rotavirus infected children suffering from acute gastroenteritis. Gut pathogens, 13(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-021-00411-x

Engevik, M. A., Banks, L. D., Engevik, K. A., Chang-Graham, A. L., Perry, J. L., Hutchinson, D. S., Ajami, N. J., Petrosino, J. F., & Hyser, J. M. (2020). Rotavirus infection induces glycan availability to promote ileum-specific changes in the microbiome aiding rotavirus virulence. Gut microbes, 11(5), 1324-1347. https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2020.1754714

Kim, A. H., Hogarty, M. P., Harris, V. C., & Baldridge, M. T. (2021). The Complex Interactions Between Rotavirus and the Gut Microbiota. Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 10, 586751. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.586751

Mathew, S., Smatti, M. K., Al Ansari, K., Nasrallah, G. K., Al Thani, A. A., & Yassine, H. M. (2019). Mixed Viral-Bacterial Infections and Their Effects on Gut Microbiota and Clinical Illnesses in Children. Scientific reports, 9(1), 865. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-37162-w

Blaak, E. E., Canfora, E. E., Theis, S., Frost, G., Groen, A. K., Mithieux, G., Nauta, A., Scott, K., Stahl, B., van Harsselaar, J., van Tol, R., Vaughan, E. E., & Verbeke, K. (2020). Short chain fatty acids in human gut and metabolic health. Beneficial microbes, 11(5), 411-455. https://doi.org/10.3920/BM2020.0057

Rowland, I., Gibson, G., Heinken, A., Scott, K., Swann, J., Thiele, I., & Tuohy, K. (2018). Gut microbiota functions: metabolism of nutrients and other food components. European journal of nutrition, 57(1), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-017-1445-8

Tsukuda, N., Yahagi, K., Hara, T., Watanabe, Y., Matsumoto, H., Mori, H., Higashi, K., Tsuji, H., Matsumoto, S., Kurokawa, K., & Matsuki, T. (2021). Key bacterial taxa and metabolic pathways affecting gut short-chain fatty acid profiles in early life. The ISME journal, 15(9), 2574-2590. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-021-00937-7

Harris, H. C., Morrison, D. J., & Edwards, C. A. (2021). Impact of the source of fermentable carbohydrate on SCFA production by human gut microbiota in vitro – a systematic scoping review and secondary analysis. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 61(22), 3892-3903. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2020.1809991

Rios-Covian, D., Salazar, N., Gueimonde, M., & de Los Reyes-Gavilan, C. G. (2017). Shaping the Metabolism of Intestinal Bacteroides Population through Diet to Improve Human Health. Frontiers in microbiology, 8, 376. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00376

Diether, N. E., & Willing, B. P. (2019). Microbial Fermentation of Dietary Protein: An Important Factor in Diet-Microbe-Host Interaction. Microorganisms, 7(1), 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7010019

Ríos-Covián, D., Ruas-Madiedo, P., Margolles, A., Gueimonde, M., de Los Reyes-Gavilán, C. G., & Salazar, N. (2016). Intestinal Short Chain Fatty Acids and their Link with Diet and Human Health. Frontiers in microbiology, 7, 185. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00185

Babayeva, B. A., & Valiyeva, K. T. (2019). [Diagnostic value the short chain fatty acids at viral diarrheas at children of the first year of life]. Azerbaijan Journal of Perinatology and Pediatrics, 5(1), 61-64. https://doi.org/10.28942/jpp.v5i1.85

Nezhoda, I. I., Naumenko, O. M., & Nikulchenko, O. V. (2019). Letki zhyrni kysloty yak metabolichni markery porushennia mikrobiotsenozu kyshechnyku pry rotavirusnii infektsii u ditei [Volatile fatty acids as metabolic markers of intestinal microbiocenosis in children with rotavirus infection]. Infektsiini khvoroby, (3), 24-32 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2727.2019.3.10632

Ivanko, O. H., & Bilykh, V. M. (2022). Fekalni kontsentratsii molochnoi kysloty ta korotkolantsiuhovykh zhyrnykh kyslot u ditei rannoho viku, hospitalizovanykh v infektsiino-diahnostychnyi statsionar iz diareieiu [Fecal concentrations of lactic acid and short-chain fatty acids in young children hospitalized in an infectious-diagnostic hospital with diarrhea]. Zaporozhye medical journal, 24(3), 332-337. [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2022.3.247605

Vorobiova, N. V., Usachova, O. V., & Kaplaushenko, A. H. (2021). Pathogenetic role of intestinal microflora in carbohydrate malabsorption syndrome in early-aged children with rotavirus infection. Zaporozhye medical journal, 23(5), 683-690. https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2021.5.231265

Published

2023-04-28

How to Cite

1.
Vorobiova NV, Usachova OV, Silina YA, Furyk OO. The influence of the metabolic activity of the intestinal microflora on the severity and duration of rotavirus diarrhea in early-aged children. Pathologia [Internet]. 2023Apr.28 [cited 2024Nov.27];20(1):63-8. Available from: http://pat.zsmu.edu.ua/article/view/272745

Issue

Section

Original research