The assessment of the depressive states severity and their relationship with concomitant type 2 diabetes and obesity in patients with chronic heart failure of ischemic origin
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1237.2023.2.281142Keywords:
heart failure, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, depressionAbstract
The aim is to assess the prevalence and expressiveness of depressive disorders in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) of the ischemic origin, depending on the presence of concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity and their combined course, as well as to assess the influence of existing metabolic disorders on the development of depression in individuals of this cohort.
Materials and methods. The study included 154 patients with CHF of ischemic origin. Group 1 included patients with CHF with coronary heart disease (CHD), T2DM and obesity (n = 42). The second group consisted of patients with CHF on the background of CHD with concomitant T2DM (n = 46), and the third group – with concomitant obesity (n = 36).
The comparison group was formed from patients who had signs of CHF of ischemic origin without metabolic disorders (n = 30). The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to assess the presence and nature of depressive disorders.
Results. In patients with isolated CHF of ischemic origin, depression was found in 60 % of cases, according to BDI. In the second group depression was manifested in 80.6 % of cases, and in the third group – in 91.3 % of cases. 95.2 % of patients of the first group had depressive disorders. The average value of scores in patients of the first group significantly exceeded that of the patients of the fourth group by almost two times.
Comparing the scores of patients of the second and third groups with the fourth group determined their increase by 57 % and 36 %, respectively. It was established that in patients with CHF of ischemic origin against the background of the combined course of T2DM, mild depression was found in 1/3 of patients, a quarter of patients had manifestations of moderate depression, 9.5 % of patients had severe depression and 4.8 % of people in this group had symptoms of mild depression.
Conclusions. The presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with the development of depression in patients with chronic heart failure of ischemic origin. The combined course of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity is a risk factor for the development of depression and its progression to a marked/severe form.
References
Dixon, D. D., Xu, M., Akwo, E. A., Nair, D., Schlundt, D., Wang, T. J., Blot, W. J., Lipworth, L., & Gupta, D. K. (2022). Depressive Symptoms and Incident Heart Failure Risk in the Southern Community Cohort Study. JACC. Heart failure, 10(4), 254-262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchf.2021.11.007
Wu, Y., Chen, Z., Duan, J., Huang, K., Zhu, B., Yang, L., & Zheng, L. (2021). Serum Levels of FGF21, β-Klotho, and BDNF in Stable Coronary Artery Disease Patients With Depressive Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Single-Center Study. Frontiers in psychiatry, 11, 587492. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.587492
Larsen, K. K., Vestergaard, C. H., Schougaard, L. M., Larsen, L. P., Jessen, A., May, O., & Hjøllund, N. H. (2016). Contacts to general practice and antidepressant treatment initiation after screening for anxiety and depression in patients with heart disease. Danish medical journal, 63(2), A5185.
Murphy, B., Le Grande, M., Alvarenga, M., Worcester, M., & Jackson, A. (2020). Anxiety and Depression After a Cardiac Event: Prevalence and Predictors. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 3010. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.03010
De Luca, L., Temporelli, P. L., Amico, A. F., Gonzini, L., Uguccioni, M., Varani, E., Brunetti, N. D., Colivicchi, F., Gabrielli, D., & Gulizia, M. M. (2021). Impact of history of depression on 1-year outcomes in patients with chronic coronary syndromes: An analysis of a contemporary, prospective, nationwide registry. International journal of cardiology, 331, 273-280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.12.086
Horowitz, M. A., & Zunszain, P. A. (2015). Neuroimmune and neuroendocrine abnormalities in depression: two sides of the same coin. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1351, 68-79. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12781
Gold, S. M., & Irwin, M. R. (2009). Depression and immunity: inflammation and depressive symptoms in multiple sclerosis. Immunology and allergy clinics of North America, 29(2), 309-320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iac.2009.02.008
Von Känel, R. (2004). Platelet hyperactivity in clinical depression and the beneficial effect of antidepressant drug treatment: how strong is the evidence?. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 110(3), 163-177. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.2004.00308.x
Chobufo, M. D., Khan, S., Agbor, V. N., Rahman, E., Foryoung, J. B., Jolayemi, A., Jonnadula, S., Patel, N., Enoru, S., Dufresne, A., & Nfor, T. (2020). 10-Year trend in the prevalence and predictors of depression among patients with heart failure in the USA from 2007-2016. International journal of cardiology, 301, 123-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.09.028
Tsabedze, N., Kinsey, J. H., Mpanya, D., Mogashoa, V., Klug, E., & Manga, P. (2021). The prevalence of depression, stress and anxiety symptoms in patients with chronic heart failure. International journal of mental health systems, 15(1), 44. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13033-021-00467-x
Dadkhah-Tirani, H., Salari, A., Ashouri, A., Nouri-Saeed, A., & Javadzadeh-Moghtader, A. (2020). Depressive symptoms and major adverse cardiovascular events: 12-month follow-up in patients undergoing angiography. ARYA atherosclerosis, 16(4), 185-191. https://doi.org/10.22122/arya.v16i4.1955
Sun, H., Saeedi, P., Karuranga, S., Pinkepank, M., Ogurtsova, K., Duncan, B. B., Stein, C., Basit, A., Chan, J. C. N., Mbanya, J. C., Pavkov, M. E., Ramachandaran, A., Wild, S. H., James, S., Herman, W. H., Zhang, P., Bommer, C., Kuo, S., Boyko, E. J., & Magliano, D. J. (2022). IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global, regional and country-level diabetes prevalence estimates for 2021 and projections for 2045. Diabetes research and clinical practice, 183, 109119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109119
Lloyd, C. E., Nouwen, A., Sartorius, N., Ahmed, H. U., Alvarez, A., Bahendeka, S., Basangwa, D., Bobrov, A. E., Boden, S., Bulgari, V., Burti, L., Chaturvedi, S. K., Cimino, L. C., Gaebel, W., de Girolamo, G., Gondek, T. M., de Braude, M. G., Guntupalli, A., Heinze, M. G., Ji, L., Xin, Y. (2018). Prevalence and correlates of depressive disorders in people with Type 2 diabetes: results from the International Prevalence and Treatment of Diabetes and Depression (INTERPRET-DD) study, a collaborative study carried out in 14 countries. Diabetic medicine, 35(6), 760-769. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.13611
Liu, L., Shi, Z., Ji, X., Zhang, W., Luan, J., Zahr, T., & Qiang, L. (2022). Adipokines, adiposity, and atherosclerosis. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS, 79(5), 272. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-022-04286-2
Jackson-Koku, G. (2016). Beck Depression Inventory. Occupational medicine, 66(2), 174-175. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqv087
Fetahu, A., Rrustemi, K., Henein, M. Y., Bytyçi, B., Mehmeti, F., Bytyçi, I., & Kamberi, L. (2021). Obesity and Uncontrolled Diabetes Predict Depression in HF Patients. Journal of clinical medicine, 10(23), 5663. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10235663
Wang, Y., Yang, H., Nolan, M., Burgess, J., Negishi, K., & Marwick, T. H. (2018). Association of depression with evolution of heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cardiovascular diabetology, 17(1), 19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-018-0664-5
Luppino, F. S., de Wit, L. M., Bouvy, P. F., Stijnen, T., Cuijpers, P., Penninx, B. W., & Zitman, F. G. (2010). Overweight, obesity, and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Archives of general psychiatry, 67(3), 220-229. https://doi.org/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.2
Yoo, T. K., Han, K. D., Rhee, E. J., & Lee, W. Y. (2023). Impact of mental disorders on the risk of heart failure among Korean patients with diabetes: a cohort study. Cardiovascular diabetology, 22(1), 115. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-023-01809-4.
Polcwiartek, C., Loewenstein, D., Friedman, D. J., Johansson, K. G., Graff, C., Sørensen, P. L., Nielsen, R. E., Kragholm, K., Torp-Pedersen, C., Søgaard, P., Jensen, S. E., Jackson, K. P., & Atwater, B. D. (2021). Clinical Heart Failure Among Patients With and Without Severe Mental Illness and the Association With Long-Term Outcomes. Circulation. Heart Failure, 14(10), e008364. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.121.008364.
Roberts, R. E., & Duong, H. T. (2015). Does major depression affect risk for adolescent obesity?. Journal of affective disorders, 186, 162-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2015.06.030
Vittengl, J. R. (2018). Mediation of the bidirectional relations between obesity and depression among women. Psychiatry research, 264, 254-259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.03.023
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (SeeThe Effect of Open Access).
