The clinical and prognostic role of changes in parameters of the hemostasis system and C-reactive protein in the development of thrombotic complications in oxygen-dependent patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19)

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1237.2023.1.274921

Keywords:

COVID-19, viral infection, thrombotic complications, diagnosis, hemostasis, C-reactive protein, risk factors, prognosis

Abstract

Aim. The purpose of our work was to find out the clinical and prognostic role of changes in hemostasis parameters and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the development of thrombotic complications in oxygen-dependent patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

Materials and methods. 211 oxygen-dependent patients with COVID-19 were examined. To assess the prognostic role of changes in hemostasis parameters and CRP, patients were divided into groups: I group – 94 patients who recovered, II group – 117 patients who died. Subgroups: II-A subgroup – 35 patients with thrombotic complications and II-B subgroup – 82 patients without these complications. All patients were examined and received treatment according to the normative documents in force at the relevant time.

Results. The frequency of thrombotic complications in oxygen-dependent patients with COVID-19 was 16.6 %, among which the most common were pulmonary embolism (6.6 %), myocardial infarction (6.2 %), and ischemic stroke (3.2 %). Lifetime diagnosis of thrombotic complications took place on the 18th [16.0; 24.0] day of illness in 45.9 % of cases. Deathtime diagnosis of thrombotic complications took place on the 24th [20.0; 28.0] day of illness in 54.1 % of cases. Lifetime pulmonary artery thromboembolism was diagnosed less frequently than ischemic stroke (p = 0.002) and myocardial infarction (p = 0.02).

With the development of oxygen dependence and admission to the intensive care unit on the 9th [8.0; 11.0] day of illness, changes in the hemostasis system were characterized as prothrombotic with an increase above the reference values of fibrinogen and D-dimer in patients of all groups. CRP in patients with fatal outcomes of the disease, regardless of the development of thrombotic complications, was higher (p < 0.05) than in patients who subsequently recovered, and was accordingly in patients of the I group – 67.65 [41.20; 139.95] mg/l, in the II-A group – 122.2 [61.2; 178.0] mg/l, and in patients of the II-B group – 109.8 [56.3; 180.0] mg/l.

In the dynamics of complex treatment after 5–7 days, the level of fibrinogen, D-dimer and CRP had a diagnostic value in predicting the further development of thrombotic complications. With an increase in the level of fibrinogen >4.6 g/l (AUC = 0.600, p = 0.042), D-dimer >2.1 μg/ml (AUC = 0.704, p = 0.001) and CRP >89.3 mg/l (AUC = 0.720, p < 0.001) the probability of developing thrombotic complications was significant.

Conclusions. In dynamics of complex treatment of oxygen-dependent patients after 5–7 days, the levels of fibrinogen, D-dimer and C-reactive protein had consistent diagnostic value in predicting further development of thrombotic complications. Increased fibrinogen >4.6 g/l, D-dimer >2.1 μg/ml, and CRP >89.3 mg/l were important for predicting the risk of developing thrombotic complications.

Author Biographies

V. V. Cherkaskyi, Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Ukraine

асистент каф. інфекційних хвороб

O. V. Riabokon, Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Ukraine

MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Head of the Department of Infectious Diseases

Yu. Yu. Riabokon, Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Ukraine

MD, PhD, DSc, Professor of the Department of Children Infectious Diseases

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2023-04-28

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Cherkaskyi VV, Riabokon OV, Riabokon YY. The clinical and prognostic role of changes in parameters of the hemostasis system and C-reactive protein in the development of thrombotic complications in oxygen-dependent patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Pathologia [Internet]. 2023Apr.28 [cited 2026May12];20(1):27-35. Available from: https://pat.zsmu.edu.ua/article/view/274921

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Vol. 20 No. 1 (2023)

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Original research

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