Morphological and morphometric indicators of structural components of the exocrine part of the pancreas after withdrawal of administration of monosodium glutamate to rats

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1237.2024.2.301279

Keywords:

pancreas, exocrine pancreas, monosodium glutamate, morphometry, rats

Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine the morphological and morphometric features of structural changes in the components of the exocrine part of the pancreas of male rats after withdrawal of the food additive sodium glutamate and their transfer to a normal diet.

Materials and methods. 4 series of experiments were conducted. The 1st series – male rats were given 70 mg/kg of sodium glutamate daily for 8 weeks to enhance their taste; the 2nd series – rats were transferred to a standard diet 8 weeks after the use of monosodium glutamate and withdrawn from the experiment after 8 weeks (at week 16); the 3rd series – control group rats up to 8 weeks, the 4th series – control rats up to 16 weeks of the experiment. The pancreas was examined morphologically with morphometric analysis after the rats were withdrawn from the experiment, the material was paraffin-embedded and sections were made, stained with hematoxylin and eosin and azan.

Results. In the 1st and 2nd series of the experiment, atrophic and degenerative changes of the acini were preserved, which were discomposed due to edema of the organ, and had small sizes. Connective tissue and areas of adipose tissue, diffuse and focal infiltrates were visualized between the lobules and around the lobular ducts. The ducts were dilated. As in the 1st series, there was edema of the organ parenchyma, vessel walls and ducts with fluid leakage into the intercalated spaces, and exocrinocyte apoptosis. The morphometric study of the exocrine part of the pancreas revealed that the average size of acini was statistically significantly reduced in the 1st and 2nd experimental series by 1.4 and 1.6 times, and the area by 1.2 and 1.5 times compared to control animals of the 3rd and 4th series. In the 1st and 2nd series, acini ranging in size from 71 μm to 90 μm prevailed, accounting for 38 % and 34 %, respectively, in the 1st and 2nd control series – 91–100 μm (46 % and 42 %) and from 111 μm to 149 μm (36 % and 38 %), respectively. In the study of the number of cells in acini in the 1st series, exocrinocytes were present in the amount of 5.52 ± 0.58 vs. control 8.05 ± 0.32 (p < 0.001), in the 2nd series – 5.24 ± 0.47 vs. control 7.33 ± 0.43 (p < 0.001) The area of exocrinocytes in the 2nd series 61.95 ± 1.91 μm2 vs. 78.99 ± 0.98 μm2 (p < 0.05) were reduced. The diameter of the insertional, intra-lobular and inter-lobular ducts was enlarged.

Conclusions. After 8 weeks of feeding rats with monosodium glutamate and after its withdrawal and transfer of rats to the standard diet of the rat vivarium in the next 8 weeks, no improvement in the state of the pancreas was recorded, which was confirmed by morphological and morphometric studies.

Author Biographies

Yu. V. Lytvak, Uzhhorod National University, Ukraine

MD, PhD, Assistant of the Department of Human Anatomy And Histology

T. V. Harapko, Uzhhorod National University, Ukraine

MD, PhD, DSc, Professor of the Department of Human Anatomy and Histology

V. V. Lytvak, Uzhhorod National University, Ukraine

MD, PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of General Surgery

M. O. Kucheriavchenko, Kharkiv National University, Ukraine

MD, PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Clinical Pathophysiology named after D. O. Alperna

References

Kayode OT, Bello JA, Oguntola JA, Kayode AA, Olukoya DK. The interplay between monosodium glutamate (MSG) consumption and metabolic disorders. Heliyon. 2023;9:9(9):e19675. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19675

Rahimi Anbarkeh F, Baradaran R, Ghandy N, Jalali M, Reza Nikravesh M, Soukhtanloo M. Effects of monosodium glutamate on apoptosis of germ cells in testicular tissue of adult rat: An experimental study. Int J Reprod Biomed. 2019;17(4):261-70. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18502/ijrm.v17i4.4551

Reddy AK, Ghoshal JA, Pk, S, Trivedi GN, Ambareesha K. Histomorphometric study on effects of monosodium glutamate in liver tissue of Wistar rats. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 2021;32(5):1007-12. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0264

Gelen SU, Ozkanlar S, Gedikli S, Atasever M. The investigation of the effects of monosodium glutamate on healthy rats and rats with STZ-induced diabetes. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2024;38(1):e23612. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/jbt.23612

Emmanuel NS, Yusuf T, Bako IG, Malgwi IS, Eze ED, Ali Z, Aliyu M. Hematological changes, oxidative stress assessment, and dysregulation of aquaporin-3 channel, prolactin, and oxytocin receptors in kidneys of lactating Wistar rats treated with monosodium glutamate. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2024 Mar 6. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-024-03008-8

Das D, Banerjee A, Bhattacharjee A, Mukherjee S, Maji BK. Dietary food additive monosodium glutamate with or without high-lipid diet induces spleen anomaly: A mechanistic approach on rat model. Open Life Sci. 2022;17(1):22-31. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1515/biol-2022-0004

Boonnate P, Waraasawapati S, Hipkaeo W, Pethlert S, Sharma A, Selmi C, et al. Monosodium Glutamate Dietary Consumption Decreases Pancreatic β-Cell Mass in Adult Wistar Rats. PLoS One. 2015;29:10(6):e0131595. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0131595

Al-Otaibi AM, Emam NM, Elabd HK, Esmail NI. Toxicity of monosodium glutamate intake on different tissues induced oxidative stress: A Review. J Med Life Sci. 2022;4(4):68-81. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21608/jmals.2022.264345

Kayode OT, Rotimi DE, Kayode AA, Olaolu TD, Adeyemi OS. Monosodium Glutamate (MSG)-Induced Male Reproductive Dysfunction: A Mini Review. Toxics. 2020;8(1):7. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics8010007

Zanfirescu A, Cristea AN, Nitulescu GM, Velescu BS, Gradinaru D. Chronic Monosodium Glutamate Administration Induced Hyperalgesia in Mice. Nutrients. 2017;10(1):1. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10010001

Banerjee A, Mukherjee S, Maji BK. Monosodium glutamate causes hepato-cardiac derangement in male rats. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2021 Dec;40(12_suppl):S359-S369. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/09603271211049550

Zazula MF, Saraiva DF, Theodoro JL, Maciel M, Sepulveda EV, Zanardini de Andrade B, et al. An Early and Sustained Inflammatory State Induces Muscle Changes and Establishes Obesogenic Characteristics in Wistar Rats Exposed to the MSG-Induced Obesity Model. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(5):4730. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24054730

Bölükbaş F. The Effects of In Ovo Administered Monosodium Glutamate on the Embryonic Development of Skeletal Muscle in Chickens. Kocatepe Vet J. 2023;16(1):47-56. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.1223940

Asejeje FO, Abiola MA, Adeyemo OA, Ogunro OB, Ajayi AM. Exogenous monosodium glutamate exacerbates lipopolysaccharide-induced neurobehavioral deficits, oxidative damage, neuroinflammation, and cholinergic dysfunction in rat brain. Neurosci Lett. 2024;825:137710. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137710

Akataobi U. Effect of monosodium glutamate (MSG) on behavior, body and brain weights of exposed rats. Environmental Disease. 20205(1):3-8. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4103/ed.ed_31-19

Ataseven N, Yuzbasioglu D, Keskin AC, Unal F. Genotoxicity of monosodium glutamate. Food Chem Toxicol. 2016;91:8-18. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2016.02.021

Mateshuk-Vatseba LR, Harapko TV, Kyryk KA, Blyshchak NB, Prymachenko VI, Pidvalna U, et al., inventors. Sposib modeliuvannia eksperymentalnoho alimentarnoho ozhyrinnia oposeredkovanym vplyvom hlutamatu natriiu [The method of modeling experimental alimentary obesity through the mediated effect of monosodium glutamate] [Internet]. Ukrainian patent UA 144191. 2020 Sep 11 [cited 2024 Jul 2]. Available from: https://sis.nipo.gov.ua/uk/search/detail/1451574/

EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS); Mortensen A, Aguilar F, Crebelli R, Di Domenico A, Dusemund B, Frutos MJ, et al. Re-evaluation of glutamic acid (E 620), sodium glutamate (E 621), potassium glutamate (E 622), calcium glutamate (E 623), ammonium glutamate (E 624) and magnesium glutamate (E 625) as food additives. EFSA J. 2017;15(7):e04910. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4910

Zanfirescu A, Ungurianu A, Tsatsakis AM, Nițulescu GM, Kouretas D, Veskoukis A, et al. A review of the alleged health hazards of monosodium glutamate. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2019 Jul;18(4):1111-1134. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12448

Banerjee A, Mukherjee S, Maji BK. Worldwide flavor enhancer monosodium glutamate combined with high lipid diet provokes metabolic alterations and systemic anomalies: An overview. Toxicol Rep. 2021;8:938-961. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.04.009

Mohammed S, Mohamed P, Mohamed S, Radwan R. The Possible Protective Role of Tannic Acid against Monosodium Glutamate-Induced Pancreatic and Liver Toxicity in Adult Male Albino Rats: Biochemical, Histological and Immunohistochemical Study. J Med Histol. 2021;5(2):171-87. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21608/jmh.2023.174826.1108

Karpińska M, Czauderna M. Pancreas-Its Functions, Disorders, and Physiological Impact on the Mammals' Organism. Front Physiol. 2022;13:807632. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.807632

Leshchenko IV, Shevchuk VH, Falalieieva TM, Beregova TV. The influence of long-term monosodium glutamate feeding on the structure of rats pancreas. Fiziol Zh. 2012;58(2):59-65. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15407/fz58.02.059

Savchenyuk OA, Virchenko OV, Falalyeyeva TM, Beregova TV, Babenko LP, Lazarenko LM, et al. [The effect of probiotic therapy on development of experimental obesity in rats caused by monosodium glutamate]. Fiziol Zh. 2014;60(2):63-9. Ukrainian. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15407/fz60.02.063

Murtaugh LC, Keefe MD. Regeneration and repair of the exocrine pancreas. Annu Rev Physiol. 2015;77:229-49. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-021014-071727

Additional Files

Published

2024-08-30

How to Cite

1.
Lytvak YV, Harapko TV, Lytvak VV, Kucheriavchenko MO. Morphological and morphometric indicators of structural components of the exocrine part of the pancreas after withdrawal of administration of monosodium glutamate to rats. Pathologia [Internet]. 2024Aug.30 [cited 2024Nov.21];21(2):148-55. Available from: http://pat.zsmu.edu.ua/article/view/301279

Issue

Section

Original research