Modern idea of enteroviral infection as a polietiologic disease (review of literature)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1237.2017.1.97495Keywords:
enteroviral infection, clinicAbstract
Enteroviral infections have large polymorphism of clinical manifestations. In recent years, introduction of polymerase chain reaction for the etiological confirmation of diagnosis necessitated the revision and refinement of clinical manifestations of disease associated with individual causative agents of this infection.
The aim of this work is to analyze the data of modern literature concerning the characteristics of the manifestations of enteroviral infection in conjunction with a specific serotype of the pathogen.
Presented literature review conducted in the framework of the open cohort study of the Joint Small Grants Programme WHO/HHWS focused on programs to combat infectious diseases on the topic: "New approaches to the diagnosis of major clinical forms of enteroviral infection in children and adults"
According to the latest changes of the database of the International Committee on taxonomy of viruses the genus Enterovirus includes 4 types of human enteroviruses, which are more than 100 serotypes of enteroviruses, which differ in the receptors they use for entry into the cell-target immune response of the host and, in a certain way, the spectrum of associated clinical manifestations. Every 3-4 years epidemic outbreaks are recorded in different countries of the world, caused by different serotypes of the virus. Despite the fact that the same serotype of enterovirus can cause different clinical forms of the disease, symptoms that are prevalent in patients with different outbreaks of enteroviral infection have a certain relationship with serotype. In modern conditions enterovirus type 71 infection has the most pronounced neurotropism, which causes the development of serous meningitis or meningoencephalitis.
Conclusions. Diagnosis of enteroviral infection requires mandatory laboratory confirmation, since the disease is polyetiological and is characterized by the polymorphism of clinical symptoms. Outbreaks of enteroviral infection occur periodically, and clinical manifestations that are prevalent in patients in different outbreaks have a definite correlation with serotype. Special attention today is attracted to enteroviral infection caused by enterovirus type 71, which is characterized by neurotropism.
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